Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, ugesi udlala indima ebalulekile empilweni yethu yansuku zonke. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ugesi wasekhaya noma umkhiqizo wezimboni, ugesi uwumthombo obalulekile. Kodwa-ke, wake wazibuza ukuthi ugesi ukhiqizwa kanjani? Lesi sihloko sizokuyisa ekujuleni okujulile esimisweni sokusebenza samasethi ejeneretha kadizili futhi sembule izimfihlakalo zokukhiqizwa kwamandla.
Amasethi ejenereyitha kadizili awuhlobo oluvamile lwemishini yokukhiqiza ugesi futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eyahlukene. Aqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: injini kadizili kanye nejenereyitha. Okokuqala, ake sibheke isimiso sokusebenza sezinjini zedizili.
Injini yedizili iyinjini yokushisa yangaphakathi efaka uphethiloli wedizili kusilinda futhi isebenzisa igesi yokushisa okuphezulu kanye nengcindezi ephezulu ekhiqizwa ukushisa kokucindezela ukuze iqhube i-piston ukuthi ihambe. Le nqubo ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine: ukungena, ukucindezela, ukushisa kanye nokukhipha umoya.
Isigaba sokuqala yisigaba sokungenisa.Injini yediziliingenisa umoya kusilinda ngevalvu yokungenisa. Phakathi nale nqubo, i-piston yehla, ikhulisa ivolumu ngaphakathi kwesilinda futhi ivumele umoya ukuthi ungene.
Isigaba esilandelayo yisigaba sokucindezela. Ngemva kokuba ivalvu yokungenisa ivaliwe, i-piston iya phezulu, icindezela umoya uye phezulu kwesilinda. Ngenxa yokucindezela, kokubili izinga lokushisa kanye nokucindezela komoya kuzokwanda. Bese kufika isigaba sokusha. Lapho i-piston ifika phezulu, uphethiloli wedizili ufakwa kwisilinda nge-injector kaphethiloli. Ngenxa yegesi yokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu ngaphakathi kwesilinda, uphethiloli uzosha ngokushesha, ukhiqize amandla okuqhuma ukuze ucindezele i-piston phansi. Isigaba sokugcina yisigaba sokukhipha umoya. Lapho i-piston ifika phansi futhi, igesi yokukhipha umoya ikhishwa kusilinda nge-valve yokukhipha umoya. Le nqubo iqeda umjikelezo, beseinjini yediziliizoqhubeka nokwenza lo mjikelezo ukuze ikhiqize amandla.
Manje ake sibheke esigabeni sejenereyitha. Ijenereyitha iyithuluzi eliguqula amandla emishini abe amandla kagesi. Izinjini zedizili zikhiqiza amandla emishini ngokushayela i-rotor yejenereyitha ukuthi ijikeleze. Izintambo ezingaphakathi kwejenereyitha zikhiqiza ugesi ngaphansi kwethonya lensimu yamagnetic.
Ingqikithi yejenereyitha yi-rotor kanye ne-stator. I-rotor yingxenye eqhutshwa yinjini futhi yakhiwe omazibuthe kanye nezintambo. I-stator yingxenye engaguquki, eyenziwe ngezintambo ezigoqayo. Lapho i-rotor ijikeleza, ushintsho ensimini yamagnetic luzobangela ukuthi kukhiqizwe ugesi obangelwayo ezintanjeni ze-stator. Ugesi obangelwayo ngokudluliselwa kwentambo kusekethe yangaphandle, ukunikezwa kwamandla ekhaya, imishini yezimboni, njll. I-voltage yokukhipha kanye nemvamisa yejenereyitha kuncike esivinini sokujikeleza kwe-rotor kanye namandla ensimu yamagnetic.
Umgomo wokusebenza we-isethi yejenereyitha kadizilikungafingqwa kanje: Injini yedizili ikhiqiza amandla ngokushisa idizili, iqhube i-rotor yejeneretha ukuthi ijikeleze ngaleyo ndlela ikhiqize ugesi. Ngemva kokudluliselwa nokulungiswa, la mandla ahlinzeka ngamandla empilweni yethu yansuku zonke nasemsebenzini.
Ngokuhlola ngokujulile isimiso sokusebenza samasethi ejeneretha kadizili, singaziqonda kangcono izimfihlakalo zokukhiqizwa kwamandla. Ugesi awusewona amandla ayimfihlakalo kodwa ukhiqizwa ngokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe nobunjiniyela. Kuthenjwa ukuthi lesi sihloko singakusiza ukuthi uthole ukuqonda okujulile kokukhiqizwa kwamandla.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-15-2025