Uhlelo Lokulawula Amandla Amabili (i-ATS)
Incazelo Yomkhiqizo
Okokuqala, umsebenzi we-ATS
I-ATS yaziwa nangokuthi i-ATSE, igama eliphelele lesiShayina elijwayelekile lezinto zikagesi ezishintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo, ezaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-dual power automatic switch. Izinga likazwelonke lemikhiqizo ye-ATS lichazwa njengenye (noma eziningana) izinto zokushintsha zokuguqula kanye nezinye izinto zikagesi ezidingekayo, ezisetshenziselwa ukuthola isekethe yamandla, futhi ziguqule ngokuzenzakalelayo isekethe eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yomthwalo kusuka kokunikezwa kwamandla okukodwa kuya kokunye izinto zikagesi ezihlinzeka ngogesi. I-ATS ididaniswa kalula ne-UPS kanye ne-EPS ngegama. I-EPS yigama lesiShayina ledivayisi yamandla aphuthumayo. Igama lesiShayina elithi ATS switch yokushintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo. I-ATS ifanelekela ukuphakelwa kwamandla amabili kwemithwalo ebalulekile njengokulwa nomlilo ensimini yokwakha, i-EPS ifanelekela i-EPS ukuxazulula imishini yokuphakelwa kwamandla emithwalo eyinhloko njengokukhanyisa okuphuthumayo, ukukhanyisa izingozi, izindawo zokulwa nomlilo njengomgomo oyinhloko, ukuhlinzeka ngohlelo lokuphakelwa kwamandla oluphuthumayo oluneluphu oluzimele oluhlangabezana nekhodi yomlilo. I-UPS isetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlinzeka ngamandla emishini yemboni ye-IT, ihlinzeka ngamandla okusekelayo ahlanzekile futhi angaphazanyiswa. Imodi yokuphakelwa kwamandla kagesi ye-diesel ifanele ukusetshenziswa ne-ATS, i-EPS kanye ne-UPS ezindaweni zokuphakelwa kwamandla ezidinga amandla okusekelayo esikhathi eside. Ukuphakelwa kwamandla okubili, kuyisethi yokushintsha nokulawula okunengqondo okukodwa, ngaphandle kwesilawuli esengeziwe, kufeza ngempela ukushintsha kokudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-mechatronic, ngokutholwa kwe-voltage, ukutholwa kwemvamisa, isikhombimsebenzisi sokuxhumana, ugesi, i-interlock yemishini neminye imisebenzi, kungafezwa ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo, okukude kagesi, okuphuthumayo ngesandla. Lo msebenzi wenziwa yibhodi yokulawula okunengqondo ukuphatha ukusebenza kwemoto kanye nokudlulisela ngemiyalo ehlukahlukene yokucabanga ukuze kufezwe isitoreji samandla entwasahlobo esiqhutshwa yi-motor, ukukhululwa okusheshayo kwendlela yokusheshisa, kuxhunywe ngokushesha kwisekethe ephulayo noma ukuguqulwa kwesekethe, ngesimo esibonakalayo esisobala ukuze kufezwe ukwahlukaniswa kokuphepha, kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kukagesi nokwemishini. Iswishi ifanele ukuguqulwa okuzenzakalelayo kokuphakelwa kwamandla okuyinhloko kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla okulinda kohlelo lokuphakelwa kwamandla noma ukuguqulwa okuzenzakalelayo nokuhlukaniswa kokuphepha kwamadivayisi amabili omthwalo. Iswishi yokudlulisa isetshenziswa kakhulu kwi-AC 50Hz, i-voltage elinganisiwe engu-440V, i-voltage elinganisiwe engu-DC engu-220V, inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa kagesi engu-16 kuya ku-4000A noma i-motor current eyodwa ebekwe eceleni noma ebekwe eceleni kanye nokushintsha komthwalo wama-mains nama-generator sets. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingasetshenziswa ukuhlukaniswa kwamasekethe nemigqa exhumanisayo nenqamulayo engavamile. Imikhiqizo isetshenziswa kabanzi emlilweni, ezibhedlela, emabhange, ezakhiweni eziphakeme nakwezinye izindawo ezibalulekile zokuphakelwa kwamandla ayivumeli ukuphakelwa kwamandla, izinhlelo zokusabalalisa kanye nezinhlelo zokuzenzakalela. Izishintshi zokushintsha okuzenzakalelayo zihambisana ne-GB14048.3-2008 “I-switchgear ephansi kanye nemishini yokulawula Ingxenye 3: Izishintshi, ama-isolator, izishintshi zokuhlukanisa kanye nama-fuse ahlanganisiwe nemishini kagesi”, GB/T14048.11-2008 “I-switchgear ephansi kanye nemishini yokulawula Ingxenye 6: Izinto zikagesi ezisebenzayo eziningi/izishintshi zokushintsha okuzenzakalelayo”.
Okwesibili, umsebenzi oyinhloko
(1) Ukusebenza okuqhubekayo nomthwalo
(2) Ukutholwa kokwehluleka kwamandla
(3) Qala ugesi olindile
(4) Ukushintsha umthwalo
(5) Umuzwa wokubuyiselwa kwamandla okuvamile
(6) Iswishi yokulayisha ibuyele ekunikezelweni kwamandla okuvamile
Okwesithathu, izici zesistimu yokuguqula okuzenzakalelayo yamandla amabili
(1) Ukusebenzisa oxhumana nabo abahlanganisiwe abanemigqa emibili, indlela yokuxhumanisa, isitoreji sangaphambi kwamandla se-micro-motor kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulawula be-micro-electronic, ngokuyisisekelo kufinyelela i-zero arc (ayikho ikhava ye-arc);
(2) Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuthembekile bokuxhumanisa ngomshini nangogesi;
(3) Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obungenazo iziphambano;
(4) Ngokubonisa indawo ecacile yokusebenza, umsebenzi wokukhiya, ukuhlukaniswa okuthembekile phakathi kwamandla nomthwalo, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, impilo yesevisi engaphezu kwezikhathi ezingu-8000;
(5) umklamo ohlanganisiwe we-electromechanical, ukuguqulwa kweswishi okunembile, ukuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic okuguquguqukayo, okuthembekile, ikhono eliqinile lokulwa nokuphazamiseka, akukho ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle, uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo oluphezulu;
(6) Uhlobo oluzenzakalelayo aludingi noma yiziphi izingxenye zokulawula zangaphandle ukubukeka okuhle, usayizi omncane, isisindo esincane yibhodi lokulawula i-logic, nge-logic ehlukile yokuphatha imoto efakwe ngqo ku-switch, ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo kwebhokisi legiya ukuqinisekisa indawo yokushintsha. Imoto iyimoto eshisayo emanzi efakwe i-polyneoprene efakwe amadivayisi okuphepha, ekhubeka lapho umswakama udlula u-110 ° C kanye nesimo somsinga ongaphezulu. Ngemva kokuba iphutha selinyamalele, lifakwa ngokuzenzakalelayo emsebenzini, bese igiya lokunciphisa eliguqukayo lisebenzisa igiya eliqondile.
